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Images, audio, video and iframe in HTML 🎬

Adding images, icons, audio and videos, and other visuals gives the website a nice look and also serves various purposes.

Let’s see their codes and concepts.

⚡ Download and extract the source code of this blog. Edit these codes in your computer and try different possible combinations.

Images 🖼️

I have created a file index.html and the code to display an image is:

<img src="./images/bags.jpg" alt="a bag">

<img src="./pencil.jpg" alt="a pencil" width="100" height="100">

<img src="https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/04/26/16/39/beach-3352363__340.jpg" alt="a beach">

Checkout live preview of the above code

The explanation for the above code:

<img > is an inline-level tag.
Professionals say always use alt attribute to explain the image. Because sometimes images take time to download on the webpage and in that meantime, the text passed in alt attribute is visible to the user or reader.

⚡It is also possible that the image file is corrupted or the path passed to src is wrong. In those situations alt attribute is very useful to explain the image.

src attribute is used to give the path of the image source to <img> tag.

In the src attribute, I have passed paths like this

./images/bags.jpg
./pencil.jpg
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/04/26/16/39/beach-3352363__340.jpg

My directory structure is:

What are these paths?

Here ./images/bags.jpg is the relative path of bags.jpg image from index.html file and bags.jpg is in images folder.

. says, you are in the current directory of the file in which the path is written. Here it is index.html and now you can access images folder, pencil.jpg image, etc.
using / , enter a folder name to go to or a file name to use. Here ./images means you entered into images folder.
Now further adding /bags.jpg to ./images completes the relative path of bag.jpg image from index.html. And ./images/bags.jpg says you are pointing to the bag image source.

Now, it is easy to understand the path ./pencil.jpg , as pencil.jpg is in the same directory of index.html . I have used . to go into the current directory and /pencil.jpg to point the pencil.jpg image.

The third path https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2018/04/26/16/39/beach-3352363__340.jpg is the external URL for an image source. This image is not present in my local machine’s directory.

Audios 🎶

<audio src="./peaceful_music.mp3" controls> </audio>

<audio src="https://www2.cs.uic.edu/~i101/SoundFiles/StarWars60.wav" controls="true" autoplay muted> </audio>

Check out the live preview of the above code.

The above code adds an element to the webpage with controls.

Something like this:

In src ( source ) attribute takes the path of the source of audio files. I have two audio files, first one exists on my computer and the second is coming from an external source using a URL.

Here, passing controls attribute without any value means controls="true" .

Controls are play, progress slider, volume, and download button.

You can check other attributes like muted , autoplay etc.

⚡If you want to add music effects ( means that play when some button is clicked or something ), use Javascript for that.

Videos 🎥

If you have a video file available on your local machine or from an external source. Use <video> </video> tag for that.

<h4>From external source</h5>
<video src="https://storage.googleapis.com/gtv-videos-bucket/sample/ElephantsDream.mp4" width="600" controls loop>
</video>

<h4>From local source</h4>
<video src="./videos/mov_bbb.mp4" width="500" controls>
</video>

Check out the live preview of the above code.

Everything here is self-explanatory. src attribute is used to give path to video tags and other attributes such as width, controls, loop determines its other required properties.

iframes 🎞️

<iframe> </iframe> are used to embed external web pages in your website as a frame.

In most cases, you don’t need to write the code for iframe if you want to embed a youtube video or a google maps location on your website. Just go to the website and copy the iframe code.

On Youtube, click on Share button, then click on Embed button, now you will see the code of the iframe for that video. Copy the code from there and paste it into your HTML file.

Most of the websites which provide iframe have the iframe codes in their Share button.

<h4>Spotify iframe</h4>
<iframe style="border-radius:12px"
    src="https://open.spotify.com/embed/track/3VM35337X7Ro1tesUHnZ95?utm_source=generator" width="100%"
    height="352" frameBorder="0" allowfullscreen=""
    allow="autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; fullscreen; picture-in-picture"
    loading="lazy"></iframe>

<h4>Youtube iframe</h4>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/MhTDp5FwfmM" frameborder="0"
    allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture"
    allowfullscreen></iframe>

<h4>Google iframe</h4>
<iframe
    src="https://www.google.com/maps/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d3169.8198184838316!2d-122.15238048475987!3d37.39409317983052!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x808fb075776f1c3b%3A0xccc17e4da6b38370!2sTesla%20HQ!5e0!3m2!1sen!2sin!4v1672715268459!5m2!1sen!2sin"
    width="600" height="450" style="border:0;" allowfullscreen="" loading="lazy"
    referrerpolicy="no-referrer-when-downgrade"></iframe>

Check out the live preview of the above code.

Icons 🥼

There are a lot of possible ways you can put icons on your page.

There are websites that provide icons to use for FREE. Here I’m using Font-Awesome icons.

There are two steps required

First step, copy and paste their cdn url inside <head> </head> tag of your HTML file.

<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css">
</head>

Second step, use the icon

<i class="fa fa-cloud"></i>
<i class="fa fa-heart"></i>
<i class="fa fa-car"></i>
<i class="fa fa-file"></i>
<i class="fa fa-bars"></i>

Check their websites to use other icons available.

For more information, and other possible ways to display icons, check w3schools.

Exercises 🏌️

Here are some easy and worth practicing exercises on W3Schools.

Source Codes 💠

Click here to download the source code of this blog.

Here is the source code of this blog on GitHub.

Live Preview of the codes in this blog.

In the next blog, I will be writing about Lists in HTML.